IDA Medical Abbreviation

What Causes Iron Deficiency Anemia?

Iron deficiency can happen for several reasons, including:

• Low-iron diet: Not eating enough iron-rich foods, such as red meat, beans, or leafy greens.

• Blood loss: Heavy periods, internal bleeding (e.g., ulcers, polyps), or frequent blood donation.

• Poor absorption: Conditions like celiac disease, Crohn’s disease, or previous gastric surgery can reduce iron uptake.

• Increased demand: Pregnancy, breastfeeding, or growth spurts increase the body’s need for iron.

Symptoms of Iron Deficiency Anemia

Many people with IDA may not notice symptoms at first. As the condition worsens, you might experience:

• Fatigue or weakness

• Pale or sallow skin

• Shortness of breath, especially during activity

• Dizziness or headaches

• Cold hands and feet

• Fast or irregular heartbeat

• Chest pain

• Brittle nails or hair loss

• Poor concentration or cognitive issues

In children and teens, IDA may cause:

• Developmental delays

• Poor school performance

• Behavioural problems

Who’s at Risk?

You may have a higher risk of developing IDA if you:

• Are female, especially with heavy menstrual bleeding

• Are pregnant or breastfeeding

• Eat a vegetarian or vegan diet with low iron intake

• Have chronic conditions like kidney disease, cancer, or peptic ulcers

• Take medications such as NSAIDs, antacids, or tetracyclines

• Have undergone bariatric or intestinal surgery

Diagnosis of Iron Deficiency Anemia

IDA is typically diagnosed through blood tests, including:

• Complete blood count (CBC)

• Serum ferritin (indicates stored iron)

• Serum iron and transferrin saturation

Doctors may also investigate the underlying cause, such as gastrointestinal bleeding or dietary insufficiencies.

Treatment for Iron Deficiency Anemia

Treating IDA depends on the cause and severity. Options include:

• Iron supplements: Often the first line of treatment.

• Dietary changes: Include more iron-rich foods like:

  • Red meat, poultry, and fish

  • Beans, lentils, tofu

  • Spinach and kale

  • Iron-fortified cereals

• Vitamin C: Enhances iron absorption when taken with meals or supplements.

• Treating the underlying cause: For example, managing ulcers or changing medications.

In severe cases, iron infusions or blood transfusions may be needed.

Did You Know?

A 2022 study published in Springer Nature linked iron deficiency anaemia to an increased risk of fibromyalgia, suggesting that chronic low iron levels may play a role in pain sensitivity and fatigue-related conditions.

Key Takeaway

Iron Deficiency Anemia is highly treatable—often with simple dietary adjustments and supplements. However, it’s essential to identify and address the root cause to prevent recurrence

A scientific report in Springer Nature postulated that there is a risk of fibromyalgia in patients with iron deficiency anaemia.