Last Updated on October 18, 2025 by Analgesia team
Living with EUPD
EUPD stands for Emotionally Unstable Personality Disorder, a psychiatric condition that was previously known as Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD):
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Emotionally Unstable Personality Disorder (EUPD)
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Symptoms |
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Causes |
The exact cause of EUPD is not fully understood, but it is believed to arise from a combination of genetic, environmental, and neurological factors. Genetic factors: A family history of personality disorders or other mental health conditions may increase the risk of developing EUPD. Inherited traits can influence emotional regulation and vulnerability to stress. Environmental factors: Experiences in early life, such as childhood trauma, neglect, or abuse, are strongly linked to the development of EUPD. Growing up in unstable or unsafe environments can disrupt emotional development and coping mechanisms. Brain chemistry: Abnormalities in brain regions that regulate emotions, impulses, and behaviour—such as the amygdala and prefrontal cortex—may contribute to the disorder. These differences can make it harder for individuals to manage stress, control reactions, and maintain stable relationships. |
Other mental health conditions |
Often experienced along with other mental health conditions
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Prevalence |
In the UK, 13.9% to 17.3% of people over 16 screen positive for EUPD, depending on ethnic group
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Treatment of EUPD
Treating Emotionally Unstable Personality Disorder (EUPD) usually involves a combination of therapy, medication, and support, tailored to the individual’s needs. While there is no single cure, treatment can significantly reduce symptoms and improve quality of life.
Psychotherapy: The first-line treatment for EUPD is talk therapy, with specific approaches showing strong effectiveness:
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Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT): Focuses on emotional regulation, distress tolerance, and improving relationships.
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Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT): Helps challenge negative thought patterns and develop healthier coping strategies.
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Schema Therapy: Works on understanding lifelong patterns and addressing deeply rooted emotional issues.
Medication: There is no medication specifically approved for EUPD, but doctors may prescribe medicines to manage associated symptoms such as anxiety, depression, or mood swings. These can include antidepressants, mood stabilisers, or antipsychotics, depending on individual needs.
Hospital or day programmes: In severe cases, short-term inpatient care or structured day programmes may be recommended to provide intensive support, particularly for self-harm or suicidal behaviours.
Coping strategies for EUPD
Alongside professional treatment, several self-help strategies can help manage symptoms of EUPD and improve daily functioning.
Building a support network: Staying connected with trusted family, friends, or support groups can reduce feelings of isolation and provide emotional stability.
Mindfulness and relaxation techniques: Practices such as meditation, deep breathing, and yoga can help regulate emotions and reduce impulsive reactions.
Journaling and emotional awareness: Writing down thoughts and feelings can help individuals recognise emotional patterns and identify triggers for mood swings or self-harm urges.
Setting routines and goals: Establishing daily structure, sleep routines, and realistic goals can improve a sense of stability and control over life.
Avoiding substance misuse: Drugs and alcohol can intensify emotional instability and impulsive behaviour, making symptom management more difficult.
When to seek urgent help
EUPD can sometimes involve self-harm, suicidal thoughts, or severe emotional crises. Immediate professional help should be sought if:
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There are thoughts of harming oneself or others
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Self-harming behaviour escalates
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Emotional distress becomes overwhelming and unmanageable
In the UK, people can contact Samaritans (116 123) for 24/7 support or go to A&E in emergencies. Early intervention and consistent support greatly improve outcomes for people living with EUPD.