Fibromyalgia Treatment & Medication

Fibromyalgia has no known cure, but many people find relief by combining medication, therapy, and lifestyle changes. The goal of treatment is to ease symptoms, improve quality of life, and help individuals maintain daily function.

Medications for Fibromyalgia

Several types of medication can help reduce fibromyalgia pain, improve sleep, and manage associated symptoms such as fatigue or mood disturbances:

• Pain Relievers (Analgesics): Over-the-counter medications such as paracetamol or ibuprofen can relieve mild pain. In more severe cases, prescription painkillers may be used, but long-term use is generally avoided due to potential side effects and dependency.
• Antidepressants: Low doses of antidepressants like amitriptyline (commonly prescribed in the UK) or duloxetine (Cymbalta) may help improve sleep quality and reduce pain sensitivity.
• Anti-Seizure Medications: Drugs such as pregabalin (Lyrica) and gabapentin are often used to treat nerve pain and can be effective for fibromyalgia-related symptoms.
• Muscle Relaxants: Occasionally prescribed for short-term relief of muscle stiffness or spasms, though they are not a primary treatment.

In the UK, the NHS may recommend some of these medications based on NICE guidelines for managing chronic pain.

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Therapies for Fibromyalgia

Non-drug treatments play a central role in fibromyalgia care, especially for improving function and managing daily symptoms:

• Physical Therapy: A physiotherapist can teach stretching and strengthening exercises to improve flexibility, reduce stiffness, and boost endurance without overexertion.
• Occupational Therapy: Helps you adapt your work and home life to reduce strain on your body. For example, using ergonomic tools or adjusting routines to conserve energy.
• Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT): A widely recommended approach in the UK that focuses on changing negative thought patterns related to chronic pain and improving coping skills.
• Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT): Encourages people to accept their pain while committing to positive life changes aligned with their values.

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Lifestyle and Self-Care Strategies

Managing fibromyalgia is often about consistent lifestyle adjustments. Many people find improvement through:

• Regular Low-Impact Exercise: Activities like walking, swimming, or yoga can reduce stiffness and fatigue. Exercise may be uncomfortable at first but usually improves symptoms over time.
• Balanced Diet: A healthy diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean protein supports general well-being and may reduce inflammation.
• Stress Management: Techniques such as mindfulness, deep breathing, or progressive muscle relaxation help reduce flare-ups triggered by stress.
• Improved Sleep Hygiene: Keeping a regular bedtime, reducing screen time before bed, and creating a calming sleep environment can improve rest and reduce fatigue.

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Complementary and Alternative Therapies

While not all complementary treatments are backed by robust evidence, many people with fibromyalgia report benefits:

• Acupuncture: May relieve pain and improve energy by stimulating specific pressure points.
• Massage Therapy: Helps reduce muscle tension, promote relaxation, and improve circulation.
• Hydrotherapy or Warm Baths: Soaking in warm water can ease muscle aches and improve mobility.

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Final Thoughts

Fibromyalgia affects people differently, so what works for one person may not work for another. Treatment is most effective when it’s personalised. Work closely with your GP or a pain specialist to develop a plan that fits your symptoms, goals, and lifestyle.